Two stages of the creative writing process were characterized through mobile scalp electroencephalography in a 16-week creative writing workshop. Portable dry EEG systems with synchronized head acceleration, video recordings, and journal entries, recorded mobile brain-body activity of Spanish heritage students. Each student's brain-body activity was recorded as they experienced spaces in Houston, Texas, and while they worked on their creative texts. We used Generalized Partial Directed Coherence to compare the functional connectivity among both stages. There was a trend of higher (...) gPDC in the Preparation stage from right temporo-parietal to left anterior-frontal brain scalp areas within 1–50 Hz, not reaching statistical significance. The opposite directionality was found for the Generation stage, with statistical significant differences restricted to the delta band. There was statistically higher gPDC observed for the inter-hemispheric connections AF07–AF08 in the delta and theta bands, and AF08 to TP09 in the alpha and beta bands. The left anterior-frontal recordings showed higher power localized to the gamma band for the Generation stage. An ancillary analysis of Sample Entropy did not show significant difference. The information transfer from anterior-frontal to temporal-parietal areas of the scalp may reflect multisensory interpretation during the Preparation stage, while brain signals originating at temporal-parietal toward frontal locations during the Generation stage may reflect the final decision making process to translate the multisensory experience into a creative text. (shrink)

In their attention to patients of different specialties, health personnel are the most vulnerable to contagion, which has been evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The working conditions or factors for biosafety practices in health personnel worldwide will make it possible to detect the necessary and less treated lines of investigation, deficiencies and to draw up lines of work for their solution. It should be noted that it is estimated that 2.78 million workers die because of occupational accidents and 374 million (...) injuries caused by work are reported, thus increasing absenteeism, the risk of contracting a disease in the workplace has become more latent and 4% of the world's GDP is occupied by diseases. The objective of this study was to analyze the evidence that exists regarding the conditioning factors for the practice of biosafety in health personnel. The methodology: where a descriptive systematic review was performed with the search of databases in Scopus selected articles from 2019 - 2023 in English and Spanish languages. The results indicate that with regard to the conditioning factors of Biosafety practice, it is evident that of the 400 articles 50 mention that it is important to know how to do, 45 mention that it is important not only the training but also the equipment for these practices to be favorable, also 31 of the articles refer to that in COVID-19 period the infections among health personnel were due to the reuse of personal protective equipment. (shrink)

Preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic disorders (PGT-P) has been commercially available since 2019. PGT-P makes use of polygenic risk scores for conditions which are multifactorial and are significantly influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors. If current predictions are accurate, then absolute risk reductions range from about 0.02% to 10.1%, meaning that between 10 and 5,000 in vitro fertilization patients would need to be tested with PGT-P to prevent one offspring from becoming affected in the future, depending on the condition and (...) the number of embryos available. Survey and interview data reveal that patients and the public have largely favorable views regarding the use of PGT-P for disease prevention; however, clinicians and professional organizations have many reservations. The use of PGT-P raises multiple social and ethical concerns including the need for adequate counseling, the setting of realistic expectations, the application of distributive justice, the impact of environmental and social determinants of health, and the potential exacerbation of health inequities. Clinicians expressed significant concerns relating to the cost of PGT-P, the potential time-consuming counseling for reproductive endocrinologists and genetic counselors, the intentional creation of supernumerary embryos, and patients’ unrealistic expectations regarding “healthiest disease-free” embryos. Furthermore, current evidence lacks long-term outcome data and generalizability. Prior to offering PGT-P to patients, additional clinical validation studies are needed. Also, ethical and social considerations raised by PGT-P should be carefully delineated. Systemic practices to increase equitable access to unbiased genetic counseling and reproductive services would be desirable prior to the ethical implementation of PGT-P. (shrink)

[from the publisher's website] Questions about the existence and attributes of God form the subject matter of natural theology, which seeks to gain knowledge of the divine by relying on reason and experience of the world. Arguments in natural theology rely largely on intuitions and inferences that seem natural to us, occurring spontaneously—at the sight of a beautiful landscape, perhaps, or in wonderment at the complexity of the cosmos—even to a nonphilosopher. In this book, Helen De Cruz and Johan (...) De Smedt examine the cognitive origins of arguments in natural theology. They find that although natural theological arguments can be very sophisticated, they are rooted in everyday intuitions about purpose, causation, agency, and morality. Using evidence and theories from disciplines including the cognitive science of religion, evolutionary ethics, evolutionary aesthetics, and the cognitive science of testimony, they show that these intuitions emerge early in development and are a stable part of human cognition. -/- De Cruz and De Smedt analyze the cognitive underpinnings of five well-known arguments for the existence of God: the argument from design, the cosmological argument, the moral argument, the argument from beauty, and the argument from miracles. Finally, they consider whether the cognitive origins of these natural theological arguments should affect their rationality. (shrink)

We maintain that in many contexts promising to try is expressive of responsibility as a promiser. This morally significant application of promising to try speaks in favor of the view that responsible promisers favor evidentialism about promises. Contra Marušić, we contend that responsible promisers typically withdraw from promising to act, and instead promise to try, in circumstances where they recognize that there is a significant chance that they will not succeed.

La presente obra ofrece la primera historia completa de toda la filosofía novohispana desde 1521 hasta 1821. Se trata de una visión unitaria y completa de toda la filosofía de la época colonial de México, única en su género y con muchas aportaciones valiosas y originales, con método y bases de verdadera investigación histórico-filosófica. Se abre el libro con una hermenéutica de la historia de la filosofía novohispana en la cual el autor, siguiendo las orientaciones más modernas, comprende e interpreta (...) la historia de las ideas en México a partir de sus verdaderos comienzos: desde la polémica entablada por Agustín Rivera y Agustín de la Rosa sobre la validez o no de la acción de España en la enseñanza de la filosofía y de la ciencia en la Nueva España. En su conjunto la obra, estructurada cronológicamente, estudia las actividades y manifestaciones filosóficas de las órdenes religiosas en los tres siglos clásicos, estableciendo una división entre humanistas y escolásticos. Entre los humanistas, destacan fray Juan de Sumárraga, fray Bartolomé de Las Casas, Vasco de Quiroga y Francisco Hernández. En la exposición de los escolásticos, y atendiendo a las diversas órdenes, traza un resumen de las obras principales de los autores más destacados: Diego Valdés, Alonso de la Vera Cruz, Pedro de Hortigosa, Antonio Rubio y Antonio Arias, así como sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. (shrink)

This study aimed to meta-analyze the relationship between self-management and exercise self-confidence, satisfaction, and commitment in both modern and traditional martial arts among Korean practitioners. We examined the level of sports participation and different martial arts sports as potential moderating variables. In total, 22 studies yielded 299 individual effect sizes and were included in the final meta-analytic pool. The analyses revealed a moderate effect of self-management on exercise satisfaction and self-confidence; and a large effect self-management on exercise commitment. Especially, the (...) effect of the training dimension of self-management was large on exercise commitment and satisfaction, while that of the mental dimension was large on exercise self-confidence. The effects of self-management on exercise satisfaction, commitment, and self-confidence were large in judo, Ssireum, and wrestling, respectively. Finally, the use of self-management was relatively more effective for non-elite participants than for elite practitioners. Our results highlight the effectiveness of self-management to enhance Korean martial arts practitioners’ exercise self-confidence, commitment, and satisfaction, findings that may potentially be extended internationally and to other types of sports; further, they showcase the importance of the promotion of interventions and educational programs on how to incorporate/employ self-management in athletes’ sports training. (shrink)

En este documento se parte de la resiliencia como componente que influye de manera positiva para el éxito escolar, se describen los elementos que la configuran, y se discuten con los rasgos particulares de jóvenes que asisten a una escuela secundaria inserta en un contexto considerado de alto riesgo social en México. Se trata de un trabajo cualitativo de perspectiva fenomenológica. El análisis de los datos permitió identificar que los estudiantes responden positivamente a algunos de los atributos que se necesitan (...) para el desarrollo de la resiliencia, mientras que la familia y escuela se convierten en espacios de tensión. (shrink)

Firstly, this paper tackles the way in which – within the Christian context – the body qua body, as the sole locus of existence, only arises when the disparity between the mortal creature and the immortal God is highlighted, that is to say, when man is regarded as a sort of vestigium Dei instead of an imago Dei. Throughout early modernity, only theologians and philosophers who, like Servet or Da Costa, posit the mortality of the soul are capable of presenting (...) the body in all its radicality. Contrarily, the body cannot truly appear in an anthropology which, as in Suarez’s case, sticks to the model of likeness or the imago Dei up to its last consequences. In his juridical-political theory, which operates to a certain extent within the regio dissimilitudinis, an authentic body does appear – namely, the social or political one. However, he returns to the realm of likeness, and so the autonomous view of the body is obscured, when he insists on the need of indirectly submitting the political body’s mortal soul to the immortal soul of the Church’s corpus mysticum. (shrink)

The containment measures imposed during the first COVID-19 outbreak required economic, social, and behavioral changes to minimize the spread of the coronavirus. Some studies have focused on how personality predicts distinct patterns of adherence to protective measures with psychopathic and antisocial traits predicting reduced engagement in such measures. In this study we extended previous findings by analyzing how boldness, meanness, and disinhibition psychopathic traits relate with both risk perceptions and protective behaviors during the first COVID-19 outbreak. A sample of 194 (...) individuals engaged in the survey, were assessed for psychopathic traits with the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, and completed a COVID-19 survey targeting risk perceptions and frequency of protective behaviors. Overall results show that boldness predicts reduced estimate of COVID-19 spread, reduced perceived risk of becoming infected, reduced state anxiety toward COVID-19, and reduced frequency of protective behaviors. Exploratory mediation models suggest that risk perceptions are not significant mediators of the association between psychopathic traits and reduced engagement in protective behaviors. Our results unveil that psychopathic traits affect risk perceptions and the propensity to engage in protective measures, emphasizing the need to accommodate these personality features in the public health strategy to control the COVID-19 spread. (shrink)

O presente artigo objetiva examinar o pensamento de Severino Boécio acerca da aporia dos termos universais e suas respectivas implicações nos séculos V e VI da era cristã. Tais pensamentos são postos por ele em seu Comentário à Isagoge de Porfírio, fazendo ligações com algumas das principais obras que contribuíram para com o assunto. Boécio acaba por aplicar os termos universais à pluralidade das coisas, demonstrando que podemos pensá-los num sentido singular, quando, por exemplo, os percebemos sensivelmente nas coisas individuais (...) do mundo. Destarte, buscaremos explicar brevemente, nas páginas subseqüentes, as premissas propostas por Severino Boécio àquele que foi um dos problemas mais marcantes da filosofia medieval: o problema dos universais. This article aims to examine the thought of Severinus Boethius about the standoff between the universal terms and their implications in the fifth and sixth centuries of the Cristian era. Such thoughts are put by him in his Commentary on Porphyry Isagoge, making connections with some of the major works that contributed towards it. Boethius eventually applies the universal terms to the plurality of things, demonstrating that we can think of them in a unique way, when, for example, we notice substantially the individual things of the world. Thus, we will try to explain briefly, in the subsequent pages, the assumptions proposed by Severinus Boethius to whom was one of the key problems of medieval philosophy: the problem of universals. (shrink)

The theological turn in phenomenology continues to generate cross-disciplinary discussion among philosophers and theologians concerning the scope and boundaries of what counts as a “phenomenon.” This essay suggests that the very idea of the given, a term so important for Husserl, Heidegger, Henry and Marion, can be reassessed from the point of view of Wilifred Sellars’s discussion of the myth of the “immediate” given. Sometimes phenomenology is understood to involve the skill of unveiling immediate data that appear as “phenomena” to (...) a conscious and wakeful ego. In conversation with Jean-Luc Marion’s volume Givenness and Revelation, I challenge the assumption that phenomena are immediate in their givenness. The final remarks concern the “how” of the givenness of theological data, and in particular, the phenomenon of the Trinity. (shrink)

Luisa Capetillo has been heralded as the first feminist writer of Puerto Rico. She authored four books and embodied her emancipatory philosophical commitments, but has received scant philosophical attention. In this paper I recover the philosophy of Capetillo as part of a Latin American and Caribbean philosophical tradition centered on radical praxis places sexuality at the centerfold of class politics. At the intersection between gender equity and class emancipation Capetillo advocated for the liberatory possibilities of education, which served as the (...) key to unlearning the social norms that engendered the marginalization of working people and working women. (shrink)

Die Sittenlehre von 1812 wurde vom Standpunkt des Absoluten geschrieben. Dieses wird als der Ideal- und Real-Grund von allem, sowohl von der Welt als vom Ich und seiner Freiheit gedacht, mit Vorliebe für den Realismus. Der Weg dazu ist die Abstraktion, der Begriff des Übrigbleibenden und der ontologische Beweis; alle drei werden hier diskutiert. Außer dem absoluten Sein ist wahrhaftig nur das Wissen da, als seine Äußerlichkeit und bloße Erscheinung, und es soll sich als solche verstehen, also seine vermeinte eigene (...) Realität vernichten. So geschieht es auch mit dem Ich, seiner Urerscheinung: es ist zum Wissen und Erkenntnis des wahren Seins, also zur Vernichtung seines scheinbar eigenen Selbsts vor dem Begriff und vor der Gemeinde bestimmt. Hier herrscht eine objektivsubjektive Parmenideische Logik, die am Ende fast eine Dinglogik ist. (shrink)

Partiendo del escrito de Schiller Sobre la educación estética del hombre en una serie de cartas (1795) se expone su pensamiento sobre la belleza que, influenciado por Kant y Fichte y proyectándose hacia el romanticismo, es presentada como una necesidad transcendental para la configuración y educación del hombre completo y libre, un proceso que culminaría en el Estado estético.

Despite the economic relevance and distinctiveness of family firms, little attention has been devoted to researching their nature and functioning. Traditionally, family firms have been associated both to positive and negative features in their relationships with the stakeholders. This can be linked to different orientations toward corporate social responsibility. Thus, this research aims to identify the approaches that Spanish family firms maintain about social responsibility, based on the model developed by Quazi and O Brien Journal of Business Ethics 25, 33–51 (...) (2000). An empirical study carried out for 112 Spanish family firms gives support to our initial assumption about these organizations not being a homogeneous group in terms of their orientation towards corporate social responsibility. The differences in perceptions do not seem to be associated to biographical characteristics. These results lead to some relevant academic and practical implications that suggest interesting lines for future research. (shrink)

Sobre el libro: Con el siglo XX ha finalizado una época de la historia. Las dos guerras mundiales acentúan las tensiones que abren paso a un orden que sucumbe en 1989 con la caída del muro de Berlín. El desarrollo de la técnica y la aparición de la televisión anulan la distancia entre sujeto y objeto característica del pensamiento moderno. Las nuevas tecnologías se convierten en plataforma de importantes cambios sociales cuando comienza un nuevo milenio. Los analistas de tendencias descubren (...) el nacimiento de una nueva sensibilidad que busca pensar de otro modo al hombre, el mundo y la cultura. Romano Guardini anticipó algunos de los problemas que recibía el siglo XX y que debían encontrar una nueva orientación. En 1918 afirma la primacía del Logos sobre el Ethos subrayando cómo el respeto al ser, a la verdad y al sentido de la realidad protegen al hombre. Desde una profunda confianza en la capacidad humana de conocer, ofrece como respuesta a los problemas que plantea la tradición intelectual que le precede un modo de contemplar al hombre desde la revelación que puede ayudar a pensar el curso de la cultura contemporánea. Sobre la autora: Mónica Codina es profesora de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de Navarra. Entre sus publicaciones hay que destacar El sigilo de la memoria. Tradición y nihilismo en la narrativa de Dostoyevski (Pamplona, 1997), una visión de la antropología subyacente a la narrativa de Dostoyevski; De la ética desprotegida. Ensayos sobre deontología de la comunicación (Pamplona, 2001), sobre la dimensión ética de las profesiones ligadas a la comunicación; y Jornalism for Integration. The Muhammad Cartoons, en colaboración con Jordi Rodríguez-Virgili, publicado en Javnost-The Public, vol. 14 (2007), nº 2, donde se discute el concepto europeo de libertad de expresión. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to explain Scotus’s transformation of the Aristotelian view on the difference between rational and irrational potencies. In Metaphysics 9, 2 Aristotle establishes the distinction between rational and nonrational powers and explains their difference in terms of their being ad opposita and ad unum, respectively. In his interpretation Scotus concludes that the most basic division between active principles is the difference between nature and will, rather than the difference between univocal and equivocal agents. Thus, the (...) Aristotelian distinction between rational and non-rational powers has now become a distinction between nature and will. And the criterion for such a difference no longer lies in the contrast between ad unum and ad opposita, but rather is based on the twofold way the potencies can elicit their acts. Therefore, according to Scotus, the key difference between nature and will is the distinction between autonomy and heteronomy. (shrink)

By having as focus of analysis the pseudoepigraph of Barnabas, this article aims to discuss, as of an introductory way, the main elements that marked the Judeo-Christian controversy in the early centuries of the Church. More specifically, the view that the Pseudo-Barnabas has on traditional Judaism.

Tras Ser y Tiempo, el papel de los estados afectivos cobra una especiel relevancia en la obra heideggeriana: por un lado, y frente al método cosificador de las ciencias, Heidegger propone fundamentar la filosofía sobre un estado afectivo profundo; por otro, analiza su sociedad a partir de los estados afectivos imperantes. Ambas intenciones coinciden de forma paradigmática en Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik. Al hilo de esta obra expondremos la relevancia de un estado afectivo como el aburrimiento en las sociedades actuales, (...) y su relación con el tiempo contemporáneo caracterizado por su tecnificación. (shrink)

This book examines the concept of “ Neurosemantics”, a term currently used in two different senses: the informational meaning of the physical processes in the neural circuits, and semantics in its classical sense, as the meaning of language, explained in terms of neural processes. The book explores this second sense of neurosemantics, yet in doing so, it addresses much of the first meaning as well. Divided into two parts, the book starts with a description and analysis of the mathematics of (...) the brain, including computational units, representational mechanisms and algorithmic principles. This first part pays special attention to the neural architecture which has been used in developing models of neurosemantics. The second part of the book presents a collection of models, and describes each model reproducing specific aspects of the semantics of language. Some of these models target one of the core problems of semantics, the reference of nouns, and in particular of nouns with a strong perceptual characterization. Others address the semantics of predicates, with a detailed analysis of colour attributes. While this book represents a radical shift from traditional semantics, it still pursues a line of continuity that is based on the idea that meaning can be captured, and explained, by a sort of computation. (shrink)

Este trabalho é parte de um estudo etnográfico em andamento no mestrado em Relações Étnicas e Contemporaneidade, período entre 2015-2017 com crianças da Comunidade Quilombola Barroso, município de Camamu-Bahia. Para construção dos dados foram realizadas pesquisas de campo, análises documentais, leituras de periódicos, livros e pesquisas online. Durante as observações pretendeu-se investigar como se dá o processo de construção identitária das crianças, tendo como objetivos específicos conhecer como os estudantes expressam sua identidade na escola e analisar de que forma as (...) relações estabelecidas na escola influenciam na construção identitária das crianças. Para além da escola, visitamos outros espaços por considerar importante e necessário conhecer como elas se relacionam, direcionando este primeiro olhar para o contexto sócio-histórico, político e cultural da comunidade. Palavras chave: Identidade. Quilombo. Símbolo. (shrink)